This paper compiles the results of international compartive research on well-being and the correlation between well-being and social inequality. It is a draft version of an entry for the Handbook “European Societies” edited by Immerfall and Therborn. Some of the more important findings are: European countries differ widley in their living conditions. Dimensions of social inequality are important for peoples subjective evaluation of their living conditions. Materialistic dimensions of social inequality seem to be of smaller importance in richer countries.